![]() They are unable to meet the global benchmarks for this food category of 230mg of sodium per 100gr set by the World Health Organization. Finally, current available plant-based meat products may still be unhealthy as far as sodium content is concerned. Additionally, observational studies of those following vegan diets have repeatedly shown that they are at higher risk of falling short on important micronutrients such as vitamin B12, vitamin D, calcium, zinc, and iodine. These diets would likely have better uptake and therefore their promotion should be prioritized. For example, our 2020 meta-analysis of controlled trials showed that plant-based diets containing some animal products (DASH, Mediterranean, Nordic, and lacto-ovo vegetarian) significantly lowered blood pressure. Fortunately, the benefits of a high plant-based diet can be achieved with less stringent diets. In normal healthy populations, a vegan diet has low acceptability due to a myriad of socio-economic barriers making it ineffective for large scale public health protection and disease prevention. Moreover, efficacy does not equate to effectiveness. However, the conclusions cannot be extrapolated to patients in a clinical setting. This study provides evidence that a vegan diet improves cardiometabolic risk factors (LDL-cholesterol, fasting insulin levels, and body weight) in healthy volunteers. This novel approach controls for genetic differences between the study groups, minimizing the risk of confounding and promotes confidence in the study findings. Dozens of randomized controlled trials have been conducted to assess the cardiometabolic effects of vegan diets but this one takes it to the next level by using a sample consisting of identical twins. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.Average Macronutrient and Micronutrient Composition of Trifecta Food Delivery Meals by Meal Type and Diet Assignment Unpaired T-Tests of Cardiovascular Health Outcomes at the End of 8 WeeksĮTable 23. Paired T-Tests of Cardiovascular Health Outcomes at the End of 8 WeeksĮTable 22. Sensitivity Analysis of the Change in Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) With Three Outliers Removed, (Mean ± SE)ĮTable 21. Cardiovascular Health Outcomes at the End of 4 Weeks and Main Effect Model Estimates, Standard Errors, and 95% Confidence Interval for Primary and Secondary Outcome AnalysisĮFigure 13. ![]() Average Self-Rated Dietary Adherence by Diet Assignment and PhaseĮTable 20. Factors that Improve Dietary Adherence and Sustainability by Diet AssignmentĮTable 19. Barriers to Adherence to Study Eating Patterns by Diet AssignmentĮTable 18. Perceptions of Delivered, Pre-Prepared Meals by Diet AssignmentĮTable 17. Diet Preferences of Participants by Diet AssignmentĮTable 16. Self-Efficacy to Plan, Shop, Cook, and Choose Meals by Diet Assignment and PhaseĮTable 15. Diet Satisfaction (D-Sat28) of Participants by Diet Assignment and PhaseĮTable 14. Meat Alternatives Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 13. Meat Alternatives Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 12. Animal-Based Protein Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 12. Animal-Based Protein Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 11. Vegetable Servings Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 11. Vegetable Servings Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 10. Dietary Iron Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 10. ![]() Dietary Iron Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 9. Dietary Vitamin B12 Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 9. Dietary Vitamin B12 Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 8. Dietary Cholesterol Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 8. Dietary Cholesterol Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 7. Carbohydrate Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 7. Carbohydrate Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 6. Protein Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 6. ![]() Protein Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 5. Grain Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 5. Grain Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 4. Fat Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 4. Fat Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 3. Macronutrient Distribution by Phase and DietĮFigure 3. Macronutrient Distribution by Phase and DietĮTable 2. Twin Lifestyle Behaviors, n = 42 (21 Pairs of Twins)ĮFigure 2. Plant-Based Dietary Intervention Reporting ChecklistĮTable 1. ![]()
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